Air Valves
Description
The presence of free air in pipeline can reduce the severity of water hammer considerably. Celerity(speed) of an elastic wave with, say 2% of air at a pressure head of 50m of water reduces celerity from about 1100m/s to 160 m/s for a typical pipe line. On the other hand air in a rising main, wheather in solution or in bubble from can have number of ill effects.
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